At night it’s a vast melancholy blue.
Waves gather and flow like a rippling sateen,
a boundless widow’s thobe
embroidered with cerulean thread,
edged with sea foam lace.
Fish leap and dance
from crease to pleat to pocket.

Each dawn and dusk
fishermen would go out with nets
to harness their silvery catch: sea bream,
white grouper, red mullet, sardines.
Throngs of fishmongers would await them
with talk and dreams of succulence
crisped over hot coals. At home
the tatbeelet samak with cumin, garlic,
and green chilies would be prepared.

But Gaza’s fishermen no longer trawl
from small boats a few miles from shore.
Israel’s bombs and bullets would find them.
The generous sea, unable to answer
the calls of hunger from the land,
sends infinite waves to Gaza’s shores,
persistent hopes clad in cloaks of mourning.
They carry the whispers and roars
of life in forward motion.

About

Bio

Zeina Azzam is a Palestinian American poet, writer, editor, and community activist. She served as the poet laureate of Alexandria, Virginia, for 2022-25 and has been nominated twice for a Pushcart prize. Her publications include Some Things Never Leave You (2023) and Bayna Bayna, In-Between (2021), and her poems and essays appear in online and literary journals and anthologies. Since 2016, Zeina has served as a mentor for We Are Not Numbers, a writing program for youth in Gaza, and is currently the poetry editor for WANN. She holds an MA in Arabic Literature from Georgetown University. www.zeinaazzam.com

Author’s Note

Palestine’s Gaza Strip is located on the eastern edge of the Mediterranean Sea, with a coastline measuring forty kilometers (approximately twenty-five miles). This geography has made fishing a focus of the livelihood of people who live in Gaza, historically and in modern times. In fact, the currents (known as Nawah) that converge at the sea in Gaza make for a biome that hosts bountiful fish. Fishing has contributed to food security in Gaza and provided an important source of protein for the population. Cuisine based on the multitudinous types of fish caught by rod and net has also flourished and is an integral part of Gaza’s culture.

Since 2007, however, Israel has imposed a strict blockade on Gaza—sieging land, sea, and air. The maritime restrictions intensified over the years, with fishers facing areas of reduced nautical miles in which to extract their catch. After the October 2023 Hamas attack, Israel now completely prohibits anyone from fishing (or swimming or engaging in any activity) in the Mediterranean, declaring the waters a “no-go zone” in early 2025; indeed, many fishers have been attacked and shot by the Israeli army as they tried to take their boats to sea. Especially now in the middle of the genocide, Palestinians in Gaza experience intense frustration as they know that the sea could mitigate some of the starvation in the Strip. One fisherman said in March 2025, “I can’t believe that I haven’t entered the sea to fish for a year and a half. I cry every day when I look at the sea and cannot enter it.”

Experiences and memories of Gaza’s fish harvest and fish-based cuisine are part of the people’s identity and pride. The cookbook by Leila El-Haddad and Maggie Schmitt, The Gaza Kitchen: A Palestinian Culinary Journey, is the source of the inspiration for tatbeelet samak in the poem, “Gaza’s Sea.” The book is a celebration of Gaza’s foodways with stories, photographs, personal anecdotes, and a rich cultural history. The poem is a reflection on the sea of Gaza, its constancy and connection with the people. The sea witnesses and narrates Gaza’s current reality with melancholy and mourning.

For information on Gaza’s overall food system, see the background on Gaza’s food system here.

For information about Palestinian food sovereignty and Israeli restrictions, see this Visualizing Palestine infographic.

For information about the collapse of Gaza’s fishing infrastructure and industry, see the UN document, “Building to starvation: Systematic attacks on fishing in Gaza and implications for livelihoods and protection (May 2025)

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